Essay on Educational Goals and Philosophy - 956 Words

Educational Goals and Philosophies My life has been greatly influenced by family members who are educators: my mother is a third grade teacher, my father an elementary school principal, my sister a high school English teacher, and my brother who obtains a degree in agricultural education. This has instilled in me the desire to become, like them, a good educator but is defiantly not the only reason for my decision to peruse teaching as an occupation. There are several reasons why I have chose to teach, but three in particular: to make a difference in anyone’s life that I can, help a child who is struggling more than just academically, and simply because teaching remains all I have ever wanted to do since I was just a little†¦show more content†¦Herman Horne and William Bagley, two very prominent supporters of this philosophy express the importance of a core curriculum by stating that The heart of the educational process is the assimilation of prescribed subject matter. I do believe, however, t hat the essential body of information will vary from person to person since our learning capacities and styles differ. Not every student learns by partaking in the same activities: for example some learn better from lecturing and worksheets while others may absorb information more efficiently through experimentation and hands on activities. It is at this point in my philosophy that progressivism fits in. In some circumstances, student’s learning increases when they are engaged in movement and hands-on activities. I hope to utilize this aspect of progressivism within my classroom as much as I possibly can to not only accommodate those students who learn better kinesthetically but to also promote social skills and student interaction, while also incorporating other important curriculum. This brings me to yet another philosophy of education affiliated within my personal philosophy. Perennialism focuses mainly on lesser usage of textbook and emphasizes the studying of the Great Books (the creative works by history’s finest thinkers and writers). As an English major, I hold the classics dear to me and plan to correlate as much ofShow MoreRelated Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay945 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy Making a career choice can often be a tormenting decision, and many people choose a profession or line of work that may not satisfy their creative abilities, but only pays the bills. I have known, specifically since the first day I spent in kindergarten class, that my purpose is to teach, and for that knowledge I am especially fortunate. The philosophies that I support have been part of my educational beliefs and standards for the majority orRead More Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay785 Words   |  4 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy Teaching has always been an honorable and valued profession. With teaching you instill the knowledge and values that the student will take with them throughout life. I have volunteered at the elementary school with my children and have enjoyed watching the encouragement and nurturing of these teachers towards their students. I felt that I have the ability to nurture and share in the wonderment of the knowledge that prevails around us. To achieve this goalRead MoreEssay on Educational Goals and Philosophy1175 Words   |  5 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy As I prepare for my life long goal to be an educator, I continuously realize the complexity and great responsibility of this career. Instead of becoming overwhelmed and intimidated by these realizations, I try to concentrate my efforts on organizing my beliefs and goals. In this philosophy statement, I will display my beliefs and goals by discussing the nature of students, the nature of knowledge, the purpose of public education, methods, and curriculum. ThisRead More Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay921 Words   |  4 PagesStatement of Educational Goals and Philosophy My desire to become a teacher began while I was in junior high school however; my family, friends, and coaches basically turned me against it. They said it was a jobless market with no future. At that age, those people were very impressionable on my decisions, and because of this I became disillusioned about my career, and at that point I just knew I wanted to attend college. Once in college, I found my niche in the social sciences. I loveRead MoreEssay on Educational Goals and Philosophy1072 Words   |  5 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy Most individuals can recall when they were very young saying, â€Å"When I grow up, I want to be a . . . † For some people, over the course of growing up their ambitions changed several times. But for many, they ended up in a career which was a life long desire, goal, or ambition. Today, students must begin to think about their future on a more serious note than that of childhood during the latter part of their middle school years. This is during theirRead MoreEssay Educational Goals and Philosophy1281 Words   |  6 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy As a child, playing â€Å"school† occupied most of my time. My younger sister and I taught a bedroom full of stuffed animals and filled in imaginary names in our old school books. From the bad bears and loud bunnies to the good puppies and smart kittens, each stuffed animal possessed his or her own personality. The thought of teaching never entered into my mind when I was asked, â€Å"What do you want to be when you grow up?† Uncertain aboutRead MoreEssay on Educational Goals and Philosophies1840 Words   |  8 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophies For the past seven years, I have had the same dream - to someday be a high school math teacher. I am finally on my way to turning that dream into a reality. Along the way, I am learning a lot of things and forming a number of opinions. One of the main areas in which I am forming new beliefs is in relation to what methods I will use in teaching my class and what aspects of what philosophies I will employ. First of all, however, I must reach the pointRead More Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay901 Words   |  4 PagesStatement of Educational Goals and Philosophy Every student is an individual, with his or her own personality and style. When teaching, I will remember and understand that students are children, not small adults. They will try my patience and understanding, then test the limits of my indulgence. My approach to teaching leans toward the essentialism. The student is there to learn what they need to know so they can become self-reliant adults. I want to be a teacher who under standsRead MoreEssay on Statement of Educational Goals and Philosophy689 Words   |  3 PagesStatement of Educational Goals and Philosophy I can still remember coming home from school after an exciting day in the first grade. I would go straight to my room, line all of my dolls up in the floor, and â€Å"teach† them everything I had learned earlier that day. But of course, not every child who pretends to be a teacher in his or her early years actually becomes a teacher. So although I enjoyed â€Å"teaching,† I never really considered it as a choice for my life-long career. Read More Educational Goals and Philosophy Essay examples1264 Words   |  6 PagesEducational Goals and Philosophy As a student of education, I have been able to gather many ideas and opinions about practices and ideals I want to implement in my future classroom. My philosophies about education are still being formed and continually change with every class I visit and with every educator I encounter. My ideas, admittedly, come from random experiences and intangible texts, but as I gain more experience in the field through my courses, my philosophies about teaching

Rhetorical Analysis Of Patrick Henry And The Massachusetts...

Oration is one of the most ancient art forms in the world and can be used to instigate wars, ally countries, and fight for one’s personal beliefs. â€Å"Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death† by Patrick Henry and â€Å"To the Massachusetts Convention† by Jonathan Smith are two of the strongest orations of the 18th century. While they are in many ways similar, they are also vastly different. Although they both begin with the exact same address of, â€Å"Mr. President,† they have many more differences, including contexts, purposes, and rhetorical strategies. They are also given by two men who share virtually nothing in common. Patrick Henry and Jonathan Smith both use rhetorical strategy to address the president of their time, George Washington; however, the two speeches that develop from those initial phrases convey completely different ideals and spur dissimilar outcomes. As one explores the meaning of these two speeches which were both delivered during the time of the American Revolution, many interpretations and conclusions can be drawn, but the commonly accepted understandings of both speeches show connections and separations. As previously stated, both of the speeches begin with the introductory phrase, â€Å"Mr. President.† Patrick Henry and Jonathan Smith were addressing George Washington (â€Å"History.org: The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation s Official History and Citizenship Website), but he was not officially the president until 1778, when Jonathan Smith gave his speech. Although their firstShow MoreRelatedOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 Pageslamentable. Taken together, the key themes and processes that have been selected as the focus for each of the eight essays provide a way to conceptualize the twentieth century as a coherent unit for teaching, as well as for written narrative and analysis. Though they do not exhaust the crucial strands of historical development that tie the century together—one could add, for example, nationalism and decolonization—they cover in depth the defining phenomena of that epoch, which, as the essays demonstrateRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesLine 58 Understanding and Appreciating Individual Differences Important Areas of Self-Awareness 61 Emotional Intelligence 62 Values 65 Ethical Decision Making and Values 72 Cognitive Style 74 Attitudes Toward Change 76 Core Self-Evaluation 79 SKILL ANALYSIS 84 Cases Involving Self-Awareness 84 Communist Prison Camp 84 Computerized Exam 85 Decision Dilemmas 86 SKILL PRACTICE 89 Exercises for Improving Self-Awareness Through Self-Disclosure 89 Through the Looking Glass 89 Diagnosing Managerial Characteristics

Succubus Blues EPILOGUE Free Essays

â€Å"Casey’s out sick,† Paige told me briskly, putting on her coat. â€Å"So you’ll probably have to cover for her on the registers.† â€Å"It’s no problem. We will write a custom essay sample on Succubus Blues EPILOGUE or any similar topic only for you Order Now † I leaned against her office wall. â€Å"Keeps things interesting, you know?† Pausing, she gave me a brief smile. â€Å"I really appreciate you coming in like this – on such short notice.† She patted her stomach absentmindedly. â€Å"I’m sure it’s nothing, but I’ve had this pain all day – â€Å" â€Å"No, it’s fine. Go. You have to take care of yourself. You have to take care of both of you.† She smiled at me again, picking up her purse and walking to the door. â€Å"Doug’s skulking around here somewhere if you need help, so make him do it. Hmm†¦ there was one other thing I needed to tell you†¦ Oh yeah – there’s something for you in your office. I left it on your chair.† Butterflies shot through my stomach at her words. â€Å"W-what is it?† â€Å"You’ll have to see. I’ve got to go.† I followed Paige out of her office and turned uncertainly into my own. The last thing left on my chair had been an envelope from Roman, one more piece in his twisted game of love and hate. Oh God, I thought. I knew it wouldn’t be as easy as Carter had said. Roman’s back, starting it all up again, waiting for me to – I stared, swallowing a gasp. The Glasgow Pact sat on my chair. Gingerly, I picked up the book, handling it like fine china. It was my copy, the one I had given Seth to sign over a month ago. I’d forgotten all about it. Opening up the inside cover, I saw lavender rose petals fall out. There were only a handful of them, but they were more precious to me than any of the bouquets I’d received this month. Trying to catch them, I read: To Thetis, Long overdue, I know, but very often the things we most desire come only after much patience and struggle. That is a human truth, I think. Even Peleus knew that. – Seth â€Å"He’s back, you know.† â€Å"Huh?† I looked up from the baffling inscription to see Doug leaning against the doorframe. He nodded toward my book. â€Å"Mortensen. He’s up in the cafe again, typing away as usual.† I closed the book, holding it tightly with both hands. â€Å"Doug†¦ are you up on your Greek mythology?† He snorted. â€Å"Don’t insult me, Kincaid.† † Thetisand Peleus†¦ they were Achilles’ parents, right?† â€Å"Indeed they were,† he told me, smug with the confidence of his area of expertise. For my part, I was simply puzzled. I didn’t really get the inscription or understand why Seth would reference the Trojan War’s greatest warrior. â€Å"Do you know the rest?† Doug asked me expectantly. â€Å"What? That Achilles was a dysfunctional psychopath? Yeah, I know that.† â€Å"Well, yeah, everyone knows that. I mean the really cool part. About Thetis and Peleus.† I shook my head, and he continued, professor-like, † Thetiswas a sea nymph, and Peleus was a mortal who loved her. Only, when he went to woo her, she was a real bitch about it.† â€Å"How so?† â€Å"She was a shape-shifter.† I nearly dropped the book. â€Å"What?† Doug nodded. â€Å"He approached her, and she turned into all sorts of shit to scare him off – wild animals, forces of nature, monsters, whatever.† â€Å"What†¦what’d he do?† â€Å"He held on. Grabbed her and wouldn’t let go through all of those terrible transformations. No matter what she turned into, he just held on.† â€Å"Then what?† I could barely hear my own voice. â€Å"She finally turned back into a woman and stayed a woman. Then they got married.† I had stopped breathing somewhere around the word â€Å"shape-shifter.† Still clutching the book, I stared off into space, a great winged feeling swelling in my chest. â€Å"You all right, Kincaid? Christ, you’ve been weird lately.† I blinked, tuning back in to reality. The feeling in my chest burst out, launching into glorious flight. I started breathing again. â€Å"Yeah. Sorry. I’ve just had a lot on my mind.† Forcing levity, I added, â€Å"I’ll do my best not to be too weird from now on.† Doug looked relieved. â€Å"Coming from you, that might be a long shot, but here’s to hoping.† â€Å"Yes,† I agreed, smiling. â€Å"Here’s to hoping.† How to cite Succubus Blues EPILOGUE, Essay examples

Contract Law Consequences and Monetary Remedies

Question: Discuss about theContract Lawfor Consequences and Monetary Remedies. Answer: On Behalf of Plaintiff (Virginia Dixon): It is necessary that parties to the contract must have enforceable agreement between them, for claiming the damages in case of breach of contract. Following are the causes due to which contract is breached by the parties: Party to the contract fails to perform the contract on time. Party to the contract fails to perform the contract as per standards and specifications of other party. Party refused to perform the contract before the time of performance. The first two failures are actual breach, and damages are available in case of actual breach of contract[1]. Usually damages in case of breach of contract are considered as substitute for performance. Damages are provided so that plaintiff can put in the same position in which he was if contract was performed properly. Punitive damages are not available in Australia. Therefore, Virginia Dixon cannot apply for punitive damages[2]. Virginia Dixon can apply for compensatory Damages for clause 15. Compensatory Damages is also known as Expectation Damages. Expectation damages are those damages which cover the expectation of party. In other words it covers what parties are expected to receive from the contract. Compensatory damages include special damages and general damages. Special damages cover those damages which plaintiff has suffered before the trial date, and general damages are those damages which cover all the injuries suffered by plaintiff and cannot be calculated in precise manner. In this case, Ms. Virginia Dixon gets compensation for actual damage. Compensation for actual damages can be awarded to plaintiff in case when there is any physical injury, psychiatric injury, property damage, and any other type of economic loss. For getting compensatory damages plaintiff needs to prove that damages are fall under the remoteness of damage[3]. It must be noted that in case of compensatory damages calculations are usually straightforward, and amount of damages are based on the contract itself or on market value. In case of direct loss, usually the amount incurred in replacement of goods is considered as amount of loss[4]. In this case, clause 15 states that all the glasses used in the church will be 3.2mm thick but Patrick change the thickness, and put 3mm glass on the windows of the church. Patrick does not inform this change to Ms. Dixon. Later on Ms. Dixon found that thickness of windows are not up to the contract, and also found that Patrick used Victorian Ash instead of Tasmanian Oak to fix the windows. Now, Ms. Dixon cost up to $ 150,000 to remove all the windows and then fixed them using original material. Therefore, in this case amount of damage is $150,000 which can be claimed by Ms. Dixon as amount of damages claimed. Now, Type of Damages Ms. Dixon can Claim for the Breach of Clause 14 of the Contract: According to the clause 14, all the work must be completed by 30th June 2016. Ms. Dixon wants to open the caf on 4th July 2016 because Pan Oceanic Games were being held in Rockhampton, and thousand of athletes, officials and spectators are there for 10 days. Patrick completed the work after the 9 days of deadline that is on 9th July 2016 because of which Virginia start her caf on 9th July 2016. Due the late opening of business is the starting 5 days of games. Breach of clause 14 is actual breach, and Ms. Dixon can claim for compensatory damages for direct loss of profit. Direct losses occurred because of non compliance of the provisions of contract are easily identified and assessed[5]. On Behalf of Plaintiff (Hayden): Issue 1: Plaintiff cannot terminate the contract in case of breach of clause 15 because only expert can identify that material used in the windows are not original, and plaintiff does not suffer any loss because of the windows. Issue 2: in this defendant stated that he is not entitled to give any compensation because: (a) Patrick told Ms. Dixon that she can start the business on 4th July 2016, because all the work was completed on 30th June 2016 except the restoration of windows. Patrick also stated that that they are only inserting the windows, and this would not cause any interruption in the eating area and the bar. (b) Patrick held in this point that there is no provision in the contract which state that Patrick is liable to pay damages in case of breach of contract. He also stated that Ms. Dixon stated that only 11 windows need restoration, but later on after the inspection of windows it was found that all 20 windows are damaged and need restoration. This would increase the cost of restoration, and he only try to save the cost of Ms. Dixon. Issue 3: Patrick held that contract is not spoiled by misrepresentation, and if it was then also no provision for damages or rescission are available in the contract. Therefore, Patrick is not liable to give any damages to the Ms. Dixon. Patrick further stated that Ms. Dixon stated that only 11 windows need restoration, but later on after the inspection of windows it was found that all 20 windows are damaged and need restoration[6]. Patrick knew Ms. Dixon is not able to pay more amounts for the restoration of windows, and he only tried to help Ms. Dixon. Patrick also stated that changes are so minor that only experts can identify them, and Ms. Dixon does not suffer any loss because of the architecture of windows, because no one recognized except experts that windows are not formed from original material. Issue 4: Before discussing the Unconscionable Conduct of Ms. Dixon it is necessary that we understand the meaning of Unconscionable Conduct. Unconscionable Conduct covers those transactions which are conducted between parties in which one is dominant and other one is weaker. It covers matters related to duress and undue influence. This conduct is prohibited in both aspects that is equity and recently by statute. Section 20(1) of the Australian contract law states prohibits the Unconscionable Conduct. Unconscionable Conduct in equity held when one party take advantage of the disability of other party. In this case, Ms. Dixon takes the undue advantage of the feelings of Patrick[7]. Ms. Dixon clearly knows that Patrick likes her from the beginning, and she took the advantage of the Patricks feelings. She gives her impression that she also interested in Mr. Patrick and went for dinners with him, Patrick gifted her gold bracelet that cost $3000, and they also spent few days in Sydney before starting the work of caf. It was also clear from the following points that Ms. Dixon took the advantage of Patricks feelings: First Quote received by Ms. Dixon from Patrick was of $300,000 which only covers the cost of material, and Ms. Dixon knows that because second Quote was send by the manager which was cost up to $1 million. Later on Patrick reduced the amount of work and sends the final quote of just $250000. Therefore, Mr. Patrick states that Ms. Dixon use Unconscionable Conduct and Patrick is entitled to get compensation. References: Mitchell, T. Contractual Breach: Consequences and Monetary Remedies, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: file:///C:/Users/Guest/Downloads/Travis_Mitchell_Contractual%20Breach%20-%20Consequences.pdf. ACL, Remedies, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/remedies.html. ALRC, Remedies and Costs, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.alrc.gov.au/publications/12-remedies-and-costs/damages. JEC, Remedies for Breach of Contract, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: https://jec.unm.edu/education/online-training/contract-law-tutorial/remedies-for-breach-of-contract. Uni Study Guides, Unliquidated Damages for Breach, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.unistudyguides.com/wiki/Unliquidated_Damages_for_Breach. ACCC, Unconscionable conduct, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.accc.gov.au/business/anti-competitive-behaviour/unconscionable-conduct. ACL, Unconscionable Conduct, Accessed on 20th October 2016 from: https://www.australiancontractlaw.com/law/unconscionable.html.

Halal Meats Specific Regulations

Abstract Muslims make up 25% of the world population and according to their religion, Islam; their diet is restricted. The Quran outlines specific regulations regarding halal meat. Muslims follow strictly the requirement that all meat meant for their consumption must be halal. The market trends in the world need to understand halal meat in order to increase sales in areas occupied by Muslims.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Halal Meat’s Specific Regulations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Muslims are not allowed to buy meat which is not halal as this also contravenes the teachings of the Quran. Whenever a consumer who is a Muslim visits a supermarket, the first thing he or she checks in the meat products is whether the products have the halal mark or not. This paper describes the methods used to verify halal products and the process followed to ensure meat is halal. The paper also seeks to establ ish why the Muslim religion and culture insists on the consumption of halal meat by its members. Introduction The religion of Muslims guides them through rules known as Shariah laws. Islamic law is outlined in the Holy Quran and Hadith which is the practice recommended by Prophet Muhammad. Eating for Muslims is considered as part of worship and every Muslim is required by the Shariah law to eat halal meat. The general guidelines for halal were adopted by a subsidiary body of Food and Agricultural Organization and World Health Organization known as Codex Alimentarius Commission. Its purpose was to protect consumers’ health and ensure global food trade was done fairly especially in reference to the requirements for halal.All halal meat has to be labeled as so. The economic worth of the Halal food market Muslims and non-Muslims consider halal food to be an important part of their diet. There exists a great business opportunity for non-Muslims to supply halal meat in order for th em to familiarize themselves with demand and supply chains of halal meat. Globally, Muslims are estimated to be over 1.5 billion. Their population is expected to grow at a rate of 3% annually. Halal meat is also consumed by Non-Muslims. For example, Mieder Alan, (1994), reported that in the UK, there are 2 million Muslims yet there are 6 million consumers of halal meat. Consumption of halal meat has increased over the years mainly due to increased income of Muslims globally. Many Muslims have immigrated into non-Muslim countries and due to their increased awareness of halal meat; the consumption of halal meat is expected to grow significantly over the years. Businessmen who sell all types of food products should understand halal meat’s requirements.Advertising Looking for research paper on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The requirements for halal meat production is specified in the Holy Quran in which Muslims a re informed of the type of food which is prohibited and are thus instructed to eat only halal food. All land animals are apart from those belonging to the cat family like lions, cheeteahs and pigs are considered halal. Animals with tusks and claws are considered as haram and must not be eaten. Haram animals according to the Hanafi School include but are not limited to;- wolf,hyena,cat,monkey,scorpion,leopard,tiger,cheetah,lion,leopard,bear,swine or pig, squirrel, hedgehog, snake, tortoise turtle, dog, crab ,jackal, donkey, lizard, fox, crocodile, weasel, elephant ,falcon, hawk, kite,bat,vulture,mouse,rat,all insects like mosquitoes, fly, wasp, spider and beetle. Muslims are allowed to eat meat from the following animals:-Camel, goat, sheep, buffalo, stag (deer),rabbit, cow (including mountain cow),fish (of all types, including prawns according to those who consider prawns to be a form of fish). Other animals that are considered halal include the nightingale, quail, parrot, francoli n,locust,partridge (heavy-bodied small-winged South American game bird),lark (North American yellow-breasted songbirds)sparrow,goose,ostrich,dove,pigeon,stork,rooster/chicken,peacock and starling. Slaughtering of land animals must be carried out as detailed out in the Shariah law. An animal must be alive before it is slaughtered. This act should be done by a Muslim who is sane and also above 18 years of age. The activity should be executed by cutting the esophagus in one cut while saying the words â€Å"Bismillah, Allahu Akbar† which means are words that praise God for providing food. For poultry, scalding should be done only after confirming that the animal is dead and when there is no more bleeding. This idea also applies during the dressing of carcass for ruminants. This action also applies to all the tools used for slaughter. In case there is need to change an abattoir from â€Å"non-halal† to halal, a special cleansing ceremony should be performed. This ritual is known as dibagh.For dibagh to be seen as completed, the equipment used for slaughter should be washed seven times using pure water mixed with soil so that is devoid of any impurities. This includes transportation, packaging and even display. These rules should be followed as outlined in the Shariah law.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Halal Meat’s Specific Regulations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The casings for halal products must be made from collagen, cellulose and intestines from halal animals that have been slaughtered according to the Shariah law. The package for halal meat should be non-hazardous to health and each container should be marked legibly to show that it is a halal product whose quality has been checked. The ingredients used in the processing of halal meat must be halal. All ingredients derived from forbidden sources like animals which are not slaughtered according to Sharia h law are not halal. This fact also applies to blood and blood related ingredients. Many food ingredients have been declared as haram (prohibited) by Islamic authorities and these include bacon or natural bacon flavor. Gelatin is considered as edible in respect to EEC’s Codex Alimentarius and is an animal product. Food products that are made from pork fat which are described as haram comprise sodium stearoyl lactylate, mono and diglycerides and lard. Enzymes derived from haram animals, grain or plant based ingredients with pig based carrier such as beta carotene (pig Gelatin) and butylated hydroxyl anisole or butylated hydroxyl toulene (pig based carrier), alcohol, blood plasma and blood plasma enzymes should not be eaten according to Ezquerro, A. (2010). Certain ingredients such as yeast’s extract from brewer’s yeast and cochineal or carmine color have been classified as doubtful by Islamic authorities. Avoiding them is highly encouraged. Prophet Muhammad in a hadith narrated by Bukhari advised the believers to avoid doubtful things. â€Å"Both halal and haram things are clear but in between them there are doubtful (suspicious) things and most of the people have no knowledge about them. Halal Certification Due to the upsurge in Muslim populations around the world, the Muslim Consumer Group has emerged. It verifies food products to ensure they meet dhabiha standards. They certify by labeling the halal consumer products using the H-MCG symbol. Halal certification confirms that the contents and methods of processing have been tested and found to be fit for human consumption by a certifying body. Companies which export products to countries inhabited by Muslims are permitted by a Halal certifier. An example of a halal certifier is Islamic Services of America.Advertising Looking for research paper on asian? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Principle of quality assurance There is risk of contamination of halal meat within the meat chain. A good example of this contamination is when halal meat comes in contact with pork, which is haram. It is difficult for the consumer to verify the status of halal meat before purchase. To safeguard against this potential risk, there was need for quality assurance hence the establishment of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Points (HACCP).This the body mandated to ensure maintenance of quality assurance within the meat chain. This body is governed by seven principles as listed below: HCP1: Halal Animal HCP2: Animal Welfare Slaughter Process HCP3: Stunning HCP4: Knife HCP5: Slaughter Person HCP6: Slaughter Method HCP7: Invocation Gilbert, P. (2009), suggested a HACCP approach with a good number of halal control points considered to be critical at the time of slaughtering the animal by ensuring that the animal is halal. Gilbert, P. (2009), suggested that the entire meat chain should be controlled and should not just dwell at the abattoir only. It should also focus on risks associated with the origin of the animal at the farm where it was kept and also the mode of transportation to the slaughterhouse to ensure that there is no contamination whatsoever with haram animals. The following are the halal critical control points (HCPs). Halal breeding – HCP1 The species of the animal must be acceptable. Haram species cannot become halal just because they have been slaughtered using halal principles. In the Hadith, according to Abu-Dawud, it is recorded that â€Å"Allah does not allow eating any animal, which eats filthy food and drinks its own milk animals that feed on meat or animal protein are not to be eaten†. Halal and haram meat should not come into contact with each other at all stages of the halal meat chain. Animal welfare – HCP2 According to Islam, animals must be handled in a humane manner not only during slaughter but even before the slaug hter; they should be fed and given water. The knife should not be sharpened in view of the animal. Slaughtering one animal should be done in the absence of other animals. To quote the Hadith Shaddid b. Aus said: ‘‘when you slaughter an animal, do so in a humane way† (Ezquerro, 2010). Stunning – HCP3 According to Corey, M.S et al. (2010), the Shariah law allows stunning; so long as stunning does not kill the animal, Muslims are discouraged from consuming blood and carcasses.They are encouraged to handle animals in a humane manner before, during and after slaughter. Knife – HCP4 The knife to be used for slaughtering any animal should have the appropriate levels of sharpness to prevent the animal from excessive and painful bleeding before it dies. The size of the knife should be of the same size to that of animal’s neck. Slaughter person – HCP5 The individual meant to conduct the actual the act of slaughtering the animal must be a person wh o is considered forthright and of sound mind. The individual can either be a Muslim or a Christian. Muslims differ on the interpretation of this law. One class of Muslims believes that the meat which is slaughtered by them is not allowed unless they mention the name of God during the slaughtering. Certain other Muslims believe that the meat slaughtered by Jews or Christians, halal is fit for human consumption since it is allowed by the Quran. They also believe that the prophet Muhammad used to eat meat prepared by Jews or Christians but while eating such meat, Muslims must mention the name of God. Slaughter method – HCP6 The activity of slaughtering the animal is conducted by cutting the front side of the neck. The animal should face Mecca before slaughtering. Ruminants and poultry should be slaughtered by hand. It has become common in Western countries to perform machine slaughter and this practice has gained acceptance by Muslims around the world. Invocation – HCP7 D uring slaughter, the name of Allah must be invoked. The usual formula is ‘‘In the name of Allah; Allah is the greatest’’. This is done for the following reasons:-1.To remind the slaughterer to observe the prescribed requirements and to show that the animal is being dedicated to God (Blanton Jaccard, 2008). 2. To confirm that the animal is being slaughtered for food and not for leisure. Packaging and labeling – HCP8 A reputable supervisory body ought to supervise the packaging and labeling of all halal meat. The body therefore becomes an independent control to ensure adherence to quality assurance. The certification should be done for each meat product. Retailing – HCP9 To prevent contamination of halal meat with haram meat, proper care must be exercised from the abattoir to the retail location. The Muslim religion and culture is thus seen to be elaborative and clear on what is halal and haram given the review of the two subjects in the paper. References Blanton, H., Jaccard, J. (2008). Unconscious Racism: A Concept in Pursuit of a Measure. Annual Review of Sociology. Texas, USA: Department of Psychology, Texas AM University. Corey, M.S et al. (2010). Groups: Process and Practice (8th ed Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning. Ezquerro, A. (2010). Cohesion and coherency in group analysis. Group Analysis, 43, Connecticut, USA: Cengage Learning. Gilbert, P. (2009). Compassion-focused therapy: distinctive features.CBT Distinctive Features Series. New York: Taylor Francis. Hastings, A. (1997).The Construction of Nationhood: Ethnicity, Religion, and Nationalism, Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press. Mieder, W, Alan, D. (1994).The wisdom of many: essays on the proverb. (Originally published in 1981 by Garland. Wisconsin, USA: University of Wisconsin Press. Pryor, F., Britain, B. (1998).Life in Britain and Ireland before the Romans by Francis. Oxford, United Kingdom: Harper Perennial. This research paper on Halal Meat’s Specific Regulations was written and submitted by user Eva Ross to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

UV light and Skin Cancer essays

UV light and Skin Cancer essays The sun, its what keeps the world alive, but kills it at the same time. Earth is protected from UV light and harmful radiation by the ozone layer, which is depleting at an alarming rate. This depletion has allowed more dangerous UV-B radiation to reach the Earth's surface. Although the ozone does block out most of the damaging UV-B radiation, a small amount still reaches the Earth, causing problems for humans. UV radiation causes such problems as climate changes, health risks, and ecosystem changes. UV exposure accounts for many health problems such as aging, sunburns, skin cancer, cataracts and the weakening of the immune system. Skin cancer has become the most prevalent type of cancer in the U.S today. According to the American Cancer Society 40 to 50% of Americans who live to the age of 65 will develop skin cancer at least once (American Cancer Society). Skin cancer is a disease where cancer cells are found in the outter layer of the skin. There are three layers of the skin; the epidermis, the dermis and the subcutis. The epidermis is a thin layer which protects the deeper layers of the skin. It contains three kinds of cells; flat, scaly cells on the surface called squamous cells, round cells called basal cells and melanocytes cells which give the skin its colour. The dermis is a thicker layer which contains blood vessels, nerves and sweat glands. This is also the layer from which hair grows. The dermis makes sweat which helps cool the body. Skin cancer develops in the top layer, which is the epidermis. There are two types of skin cancer, melanomous and non-melanoumous. Both types of these cancers develop in the cells of the epidermis. Non-melanomous cancers develop in the basal and squamous cells. About 75% of all skin cancers are in basal cells. (Emmet J) This type of skin cancer tends to grow slowly and found in ...

Situational Analysis for Massive Incorporated Essay

Situational Analysis for Massive Incorporated - Essay Example Profit. As with any business organization, Massive opts to generate profit from its products and services. This is to ensure that the business has enough funds to finance its operational costs and other projects. Clients. Being a pioneer in the market, the company aims to understand its client needs in order to deliver maximum satisfaction. Massive seeks to give a new source of revenue to developers, provide a new venue for advertisers to promote their products, and enhance the gaming experience of gamers through in-game advertisements. Leadership. As rivalry heats up in the in-game advertising industry, Massive wants to be ahead in the competition. The company seeks to become the number one choice of advertisers by gaining a strong foothold in the market. Leadership can be measured by looking at Massive's market share relative to its competitors. Massive Incorporated is a player in the in-game advertising industry. This industry is primarily responsible for the placement of ads in video games in different platforms. This industry is a response to the declining television viewing as males aged 18-34 spend more time playing games. This age group which represents a huge proportion of the global market is one of the highly sought demographic segments by advertisers. However, as they turn to video games for recreation, advertisers need to find a way to incorporate advertisements during playtime. Though Massive pioneered in-game advertising, business organizations have been very quick to realize the potential profit gain from this segment. Together with Massive, Double Fusion and IGA Worldwide captures the largest market shares. Some smaller start-ups and players in the video game industry are also taking the challenge of in-game advertising. Yankee Group reports that there are about 112 million people aged 13 and above in the United States participating in some form of electronic gaming. It is forecasted that the number will grow to 148 million in 2008. These gaming activities are being conducted on four specific platforms like consoles, personal computers, handhelds and mobile devices (Shields, 2005). Despite the rapid growth of the video gaming industry, it also faces numerous challenges. It should be noted that customers now demand the creation of video games which have more sophisticated story lines and graphic improvements. This has resulted to higher production costs as well as longer production time. On the other hand, the average commercial life of a video game has significantly dropped to less than one year. With the increasing competition among industry players, companies are launching new strategies to attract

The History of Gregorian Chant Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The History of Gregorian Chant - Research Paper Example Bewerunge indicates that the name Gregorian chant points to Gregory the Great (590-604), to whom an appealing steady custom ascribes a convinced final understanding of the Roman chant. Most recently, the president of the Brussels music school has tried to prove, that the collection of the Mass music belongs to the end of the seventh or the start of the eighth century with a considerable quantity of learning (1). The Gregorian chant was named after Pope St. Gregory, who was the bishop of Rome and was in power from 590 to 604 AD. According to Catholic custom, it is said that under divine encouragement, Pope St. Gregory composed at least some of the Gregorian chants. Pope St. Gregory, in due course, established a singing school. This was primarily because he wanted the chant to be sung as perfectly as possible. Choir singers and teachers of singing in the skill of chant were taught in this school. Those who were trained from this school were then sent into a variety of countries to teach the chant. Chant was established in the new countries, which transformed as well. This was how ultimately chant became known as Gregorian (Garno p20). People’s ideas about Gregorian chant were summed up in a gracious myth for more than a thousand years. This myth connected the music source to the actions of Gregory the great. The Carolingians put this in pictures. They showed the Holy Spirit, in the appearance of a dove, communicating musical issue to Gregory’s year and Gregory passing it on to writing engraves. At the early stages of antiphonies, Gregory’s work was also illustrated in poems that appeared outstandingly. This concept took hold of Gregorian chant with its eventual background in transmissions that were auditory rather than notational in the mid twentieth century that (Levy p4). Sunol argues that the art of mixing sounds and regulating their extent is what is termed as music in general. Sound is therefore, before all things, the substance

Project Planning - Integrating Professional Experience Essay

Project Planning - Integrating Professional Experience - Essay Example These same naysayer would also argue that the plan, once completed is disregarded and merely put on the shelf so the team can get down to doing some real work. To people management, we mean the planning activity that involves deciding on the types of people in form of resources that are required to fulfill the requirements of the project. In other words the types of skills and number of workers we need to complete the project (kwysocki, 1997). In this chapter, we will discuss about planning. What kind of role planning plays? Does it works in Governmental Infrastructure Projects? We will start this chapter with general talk about planning. Whenever we talk about the methods involved in the project management we normally refer those methods towards the management of people as well as resources. The management of people is the management of workers. Management of people guides us about the roles and duties that a worker can perform in a project for making a project successful. It also g uides management what type of staff should reserve for a specific project. How management will take advantage of skilled workers to making a project successful. Project Management plays an important role in Government Infrastructure Projects (Kerzner, 2003). Planning is a basic element of project management which allows management to make plan needed for the completion of project. As such, it is a most important feature of intellectual actions. This thought action is required to the creation and improvement of a plan, or integration of it with other plans, that is, it merge forecasting of developments with the research of situation of how to take action to them. The Word Planning is also used for explaining the appropriate actions used in such an effort, including preparation of documentation, designing work, or meetings to discuss about the main issues in project, how to achieve objectives, and what approach should be followed. Further than this, the

Reviewing Who Killed Change

Reviewing Who Killed Change The book Who Killed Change is about change management. Through its interesting fable style, it teaches the managers of organizations how to cope with change successfully. The author, after analyzing all the change agents, concludes very appropriately that the same factors that lead to the death of organizations, if exercise their power rightfully, can help change thrive in the organizations. The story starts by describing a murder scene of yet another change. Agent Mike McNally, a Columbo-style detective, investigates the crime scene and makes a list of thirteen suspects that he thinks are the most commonly involved culprits in the murder of anyone with the last name Change. He interviews all the thirteen suspects in detail in order to resolve the case. The manner in which the author describes the suspects, personifies them and relates them to the cause of Changes death is quite engrossing. Their description clearly shows an irony between what they are and what they should have been as far as change implementation is concerned. Another important insight provided by the author while these suspects are being interviewed, is that most of them have to work in synchronization with each other, otherwise failure is inevitable. These murder suspects are described as follows and in all similar cases, they are always the same. Culture. Culture is the set of predominant values, beliefs and norms that define an organization. Culture plays a critical role in the entire change process. If change is to be implemented successfully, then managers should make sure that the existing culture in their organizations supports and sustains change, meanwhile detecting loopholes where existing culture is not aligned with the proposed change and taking corrective actions. Commitment.Commitment refers to the peoples motivation and willingness to change their behaviors as a result of a change initiative. This can be achieved only if people working in the organizations are informed about the change alongwith the knowledge as to how it will impact them. Any concerns regarding change should also be addressed and this is the responsibility of the leadership team. To make people see how change will affect their lives and how important it is for them to be committed, can only be achieved through a clear vision, and through proper planning that will integrate change in their daily routines. Sponsorship. Sponsorship is a senior leader who is responsible and authorized for using necessary resources like time, money and people, to ensure the timely implementation and eventual sustainability of change. The role of sponsorship is very important to the success of change in any organization and this role is not restricted to mere introduction of change, rather it involves the continuous support of the change sponsor and commitment of the leadership through reinforcement of change via accountability and incentives. Change leadership team. The change leadership team comprises of leaders who are close to the action and are responsible for managing and executing various change strategies on a day-to-day basis. After sponsorship, it is these leaders who can play a vital role in leading people through change. The author believes that it is important for this team to comprise of people who have successfully implemented some change, who are respected by their peers, who can communicate effectively, who have the right skill set to lead and who respect diverse viewpoints because they have worked at all levels both in formal and informal roles. Communication. The role of communication is to create a dialogue between those who want to bring about a change and those who will be asked to change. This dialogue should be consistent in its delivery irrespective of who is communicating, delivered through different media for effectiveness, and delivered by people who are known and well-respected. If communication regarding change is not effective, change will never survive. Urgency. Urgency is the need for people to understand the importance to change while accepting change. If they do not feel this urgency, they will accept the status quo and will make no considerable effort to change. The author believes that a sense of urgency is created only if leaders and leadership teams communicate with the people the gaps between what is what should be, provide them with credible reasons to change and more importantly motivate them to change by translating the sense of urgency into a cause. Vision. A vision is a clear and compelling picture that allows people to see how they will succeed after integrating change. A vision cannot be created successfully by the leaders alone. Just as people expect to be part of the change process, similarly everyone in the organization needs to share a vision as far as change and its positive impact is concerned. A sense of urgency should be created to break the monotony of routines and allow change to set in. Plan. Leading people effectively through change is only possible if the change is not only planned strategically and tactfully, but also steps are taken to implement the change. Looking at the bigger picture for too long reflects that change implementation is not on the priority list of the managers. Therefore effective planning for change should involve all the people who are likely to be affected; the resistors and the early adopters both; and should outline all necessary details required to implement the plan. Once outlined, the right infrastructure should be developed to support the change. Budget. Budget refers to the amount of money spent on change initiation. Unless the return on investment (ROI) is proportionate to the limited resources allocated for implementing change, financing change will always be difficult.For budgeting to be effective, it is important that the sponsors see the need and feel the urgency to bring about change and then allocate resources in the best possible way. Any necessary investments on infrastructure should not be withheld and managers should try to make the budget in the most cost-effective manner. Trainer. The role of a change trainer is very important as he is the one responsible for assessing people on whether they have the required skills to execute change and succeed. A trainer should be able to evaluate and address the concerns of the people expected to change by using a variety of change leadership strategies. He should possess the necessary expertise to mold with the situation and partner with the people of the organization in order to influence and increase their commitment to change. Incentive. Incentives are the reward and recognition people get when they bring about the desired change through their actions and behavior. Incentives do not necessarily mean monetary rewards. A lot many times, well-deserved recognition proves to be much more useful than mere money. The most important thing that the author has described as far as incentives are concerned is that different people need different incentives. Unless this is realized, employees will never embrace change willingly and effectively as their minds and hearts can only be tapped if it is known that what motivates them. Performance management.Performance management is the process through which goals and expectations are set regarding peoples behavior towards change by tracking their progress and providing feedback and guiding them on how to implement change. Accountability.Once goals and expectations are set, it is then through the process of accountability that followup is done as to whether peoples behaviors and results are in line with the goals. The act of accountability should ensure that managers walk the talk especially when behaviors and results do not match with the change initiatives. The role of accountability is very critical to the survival of change in any organization. Anyone, irrespective of their status and level in the hierarchy, should be held accountable for successful change implementation and managers should ensure two-way accountability where leaders and team members are partnered for performance. In addition to all the above-mentioned suspects, the author talks about four more characters, the stakeholders, and how they view the death of change. According to the stakeholders there are a number of barriers that are mostly ignored by the middle and senior level managers and only the front-line employees and supervisors are able to see them. For example, managers and leaders show resistance to new ideas even if employees see the need to implement them. Accountability occurs in the form of reprimanding workers for a job done bad rather than incentivizing them not to make errors. This also acts as a barrier to successful change implementation. When leaders do not walk the talk, employees are unable to feel the urgency to embrace change. Having described at length all factors that contribute towards the failure of change, the author solves the mystery in a very captivating way by making all the aforementioned characters responsible for the death of change. In the end he puts forth a series of questions that managers need to ask while undertaking change in their organization meanwhile applying the lessons of the story to real life situation. These questions will help the managers realize when a given change will be successful and when it might be at risk thereby helping them to design an action plan to address the risks to change. Critical Assessment of the Book Change can be successful only when the usual characters in an organization combine their unique talents and consistently involve others in initiating, implementing and sustaining change Ken Blanchard is a management guru who with his insightful, powerful and compassionate qualities has impacted the day-to-day management of people and companies more than anyone else. He is one of the most influential leadership experts in the world and has done some groundbreaking work in the fields of management and leadership. Ken is an expert storyteller who has an amazing knack for making seemingly complex matters easy to understand. Although there have been numerous books written on change management, yet it is the unorthodox style of presentation of Who Killed Change that makes it stand out. The authors, in a very fun and clever way, have highlighted the intricacies involved in organizational change and in the process have given some very important practical tips for managers of all types in organizations, both big and small. The study guide given at the end enables people to ask themselves some practical questions that will help them examine the change efforts that they are leading in their organizations. This study guide espouses the concepts of leading people through change, Blanchards hallmark program on Change Leadership, with the characters who conspired to kill change. The characters identified as suspects are unique in their names and descriptions, yet at the same time we can easily relate to them and spot them in any organization we work in. The most enthralling aspect of these characters, however, is that each one of their physical descriptions reflects flaws that became a cause of sabotaging change. For example, Clair Communication is suffering from Laryngitis. Change, unfortunately, cannot survive when communication in the organization is faulty and people who are advocates of change are not communicating with those who are resisting it. Another suspect, Victoria Vision, is myopic. If vision cannot see properly, how will it perform her role effectively? And this is what happens in organizations where change efforts do not succeed. The vision is so poor and weak that it is not transmitted to the concerned people and as a result, the desired outcome is not produced. Similarly, Carolina Culture is a small and unassuming character, whereas,for leading people through change, the culture of change needs to be so strong and distinguished that anybody, working at any level in the organization, is able to see and feel it. The role of Earnest Urgency is very critical in integrating change as a prioritymatter, however, it is always late and fails to instill in people the dire need to change. The plot of the story has been developed by John Britt, the senior co-author of Who Killed Change. John has been studying change for a long time and Ken Blanchard, alongwith his team of change experts, acquaints the readers with all the thirteen characters with reference to their organizational role, relationships and expectations and fits them together as pieces of a puzzle in the context of managing or murdering change.While doing so, however, the authors do tend to become a little too intense and forced. The notes shared by Agent McNally at the end of every chapter seem to stretch the description of the characters too far and one tends to lose interest in the story at this point. Although they help us see the picture of the murder from a neutral perspective, yet after having said so much in the chapters, they over-emphasize the details. Apart from this, I found the story very engrossing and the best part is the lessons it teaches about change on a subliminal level while making the reader enjoy the plot. Through the description and interrogation of each character, the author supports the fact that roughly 70% of change efforts in organizations fail as change is never easy. The practical questions given at the end of the book teaches all those people, who are even slightly authorized to initiate a change, how to identify and address the typical concerns that employees have regarding change as well as how to select an appropriate strategy to resolve these concerns. While writing the autopsy report of Changes death, the author has very pertinently highlighted three key assumptions regarding this murder. People leading the Change think that announcing it is the same as integrating it. Peoples concerns with Change are not surfaced or addressed. Those being asked to implement Change are not involved in the planning. These assumptions are true for all sorts of organizations and the lesson learnt is that anybody responsible for bringing about a change in the correct manner, should do so by consulting everyone and support and finance change with integrity and care. Only then will change thrive and sustain. Analysis and Evaluation of the Book Who Killed Change is a unique book on change management as it has lessons for leaders who are not just CEOs or regular managers but for everyone, be it supervisors, teachers, parents or even for anyone sitting at home. The common lesson for each of these people is how to take a concept or an idea and get it implemented in a way that people get committed and excited about it. This is what is ca-lled managing change and in todays world, each one of us has to be a manager of change. If we look carefully in the mirror around change efforts, we might find ourselves to be a suspect. In organizational settings, this book will help all the members of the organization to get familiar with change and eventually influence it. The lessons of the story are not restricted to any particular role in the organization. The way many organizations view change is that it is the responsibility of the leaders at the top to drive that change and while they certainly do have a role to play, the author and his team of change experts want leaders at all levels to be playing a role in bringing about change. Through this fun and clever murder mystery, the book teaches the managers to understand the dynamics operating in a company that kill change and assess whether it is a particular character like culture or vision, or is it some sort of leadership that has killed change. The managers need to realize that each of the dynamics in the organization has to work together for change to succeed. They just cant launch change through a marketing campaign and expect it to take root for people to embrace it. All the thirteen suspects are commonly found in any organization, and people can easily resonate with these characters, thereby making them even more real. Through their vivid descriptions, readers, whoever they are, can start thinking of the change they are involved in, the projects they are working on, and then develop a quick sense of how well the project is working and what are the areas for improvement. Who Killed Change is a useful book for small as well as large businesses as it introduces change in a fun way to all members of an organization while providing them with very practical tips on leading people through change. People do not resist so much to change as they resist to being controlled. Conclusion I would conclude this book review by applying the lessons of Who Killed Change to the educational institutions in our country. As mentioned above, each member of the organization is responsible for managing change. No doubt Principals and Head Teachers have a more important role to play in implementing and sustaining change, but teachers as classroom leaders are no less important. If a certain change is necessary for the very survival of the institution, then teachers should create the sense of urgency in a manner that leaders feel the need to implement it and then provide all necessary financial and moral support. This will show their commitment towards change. However, even if any one of the team members in the learning community fails to play its role, then it is eventually going to lead to the failure and death of change in the institution. Members of the staff will accept the status quo, and like Haw, a character in the well-known fable on organizational change, Who Moved My Che ese, they will never look for new opportunities and make no effort to change themselves as well as the institution as a whole. Hence the more united the vision of change is, the more successful the school will be in adopting the change.

Charlie as the Victim of Circumstance in F. Scott Fitzgeralds Babylon

Charlie as the Victim of Circumstance in F. Scott Fitzgerald's Babylon Revisited The story's protagonist, Charlie Wales, is less a victim of bad luck than of circumstance, both socio-economic and personal. Charlie does not deserve Marion's continued denial of custody of his daughter, but the story is less about what Charlie does or does not deserve than how easily one's life can spin out of control due to unforeseen circumstance. Marion and Charlie dislike each other on a visceral level. Marion's feelings are not solely caused by Charlie's alcoholism and past behavior. She focuses upon Charlie a hatred borne of her resentment of her family's financial situation, as evidenced by Lincoln's comment to Charlie over lunch: "I think Marion felt there was some kind of injustice to it-you not even working toward the end, and getting richer and richer." (p. 15) Her hatred is also fueled by her physical illness and her unfounded belief that Helen's marriage to Charlie was not happy. When Charlie locked Helen out during a snowstorm and Helen later became ill from exposure, Marion felt ...